No force is necessary to cause orbital motion.
The planets orbit the sun (( roughly the center of
the effective mass (M-m) of the rest of the
universe )) at a special mean orbital radius to
conserve total energy.
SEE BOOK:
ONE WITH THE UNIVERSE-
THE MECHANICS OF
THE UNIVERSE
by Allen C. Goodrich
SEE: ISBN 0-595-41598-9
THE MECHANICS OF
THE UNIVERSE
Copyright 1984-2007 Allen C. Goodrich
Orbital motion has nothing to do with a force of
gravity. Any orbiting mass, m, has a kinetic
energy m (2 pi L )^2 / t^2 because of its
velocity ,v , as m v^2 .
Any orbiting mass m has a potential energy
because of its orbital radius L and the product
of the mases m and the rest of the effective
mass of the universe M-m, where M is the
effective mass of the total universe. In the
solar system this mass M would effectively
be the sum of the masses of the sun and
the rest of the masses of the planets of the
solar system. Potential energy would be
G ( M-m ) m / L.
The sum of kinetic and potential energies
would be a constant for any particular planet,
and any positive change of kinetic energy
would have to equal a negative change of
the potential inergy, to conform with the
first law of thermodynamics, which says that
the total energy of the universe is a constant.
No force or source of an energy change
is available to the orbiting mass ( if it is not in
contact with another mass ) , so it continues
to orbit at the same radial distance from the
center of the mass of the rest of the effective
universe. All of the planets and moons were
found to orbit in this manner,
thus confirming the im****tance of the modified
first law of thermodynamics, as the fundamental
equation to the universe.
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